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10a. Face appearing somewhat bare, with dilute appressed pubescence, and usually six or fewer erect setae; if more (up to 20), workers strongly polymorphic and propodeal spiracle very large (stollii); antennal scapes, when laid back, fail to reach posterior margin or only slightly surpass posterior margin; petiole in dorsal view only slightly longer than wide to distinctly wider than long (PTWI greater than 83), sides convex or straight and parallel, never long and gradually converging anteriorly: 50
10b. Face with abundant erect to suberect pilosity; in some cases setae may be somewhat thickened, relatively short, and curved, but still with a relatively uniform vestiture of standing pilosity; no underlying short appressed pubescence; scape length variable; petiole in dorsal view variable, subquadrate to elongate, with sides straight and subparallel to converging anteriorly, never with strongly convex sides: 400
50a. Postpetiole distinctly bilobed, much broader than long in dorsal view (PPI greater than 150), with broad median longitudinal sulcus: 60
50b. Postpetiole subcircular or subquadrate, not broadly bilobed (PPI less than 150), median sulcus absent or weakly impressed: 100
60a. Face smooth and shining: distans
60b. Face punctate: JTL-032
100a. Propodeal spiracle very large; face with up to 20 erect setae: stollii
100b. Propodeal spiracle smaller; face usually with 6 or fewer erect setae: 150
150a. Pilosity on fourth abdominal tergite composed of abundant filiform flexuous setae, a combination of long erect setae and abundant, long, suberect pubescence: crucis
150b. Pilosity on fourth abdominal tergite a combination of completely appressed pubescence, and, when present, a variable number of erect setae; erect setae short, weakly to strongly flattened and stiff: 200
200a. Promesonotum with at least humeral setae long and filiform; dorsal face of propodeum short, not distinctly differentiated from posterior face: 250
200b. Promesonotum with dorsal setae short and stiff; dorsal face of propodeum differentiated or not: 300
250a. Head and mesosoma red brown, contrasting with darker gaster; ventral postpetiolar margin usually with small tooth or tumosity; propodeal spine relatively smaller; setae on promesonotum relatively longer and more flexuous: moelleri
250b. Head and mesosoma dark brown, concolorous with gaster; ventral postpetiolar margin flat, with no trace of tooth or tumosity; propodeal spines relatively larger; setae on promesonotum relatively shorter and stiffer, especially median and posterior setae: erecta
300a. All except the largest workers (HW greater than 1mm) without differentiated dorsal and posterior faces of propodeum; fourth abdominal tergite completely lacking erect setae; anteroventral petiolar tooth well developed, acute and projecting: rochai
300b. All workers, even small ones, usually with short, differentiated dorsal face of propodeum; fourth abdominal tergite always with at least a few erect setae; anteroventral petiolar tooth variable: 350
350a. Anteroventral petiolar tooth relatively well-developed and sharp; fourth abdominal tergite with abundant setae that are uniformly distributed: crinosa
350b. Anteroventral petiolar tooth relatively less well-developed, forming a right or only weakly acute angle rather than a projecting tooth; fourth abdominal tergite with moderately abundant setae that are more dense anterolaterally, often leaving a median strip relatively clear of setae: torosa
400a. Petiole in dorsal view elongate and regularly tapering anteriorly; PTWI less than 73; postpetiolar node tall, globular, usually about as wide as long, rarely wider (PPI 85-124), with no median sulcus; face with abundant long or medium length erect setae, face setae never short and stubble-like; color brown to black, never yellow or distinctly bicolored; face smooth and shiny, not punctate or striate (limata complex): 450
400b. Petiole in dorsal view relatively shorter, usually subquadrate to rectangular, not tapering anteriorly (if somewhat tapering anteriorly, color yellow or distinctly bicolored, or face with sparse erect setae and abundant shorter curved setae); PTWI greater than 67; postpetiole variable in dorsal view; face setae, color, and face sculpture variable: 750
450a. Propodeal spines very long, directed upward and outward, SPI usually greater than 34, if in the range 29-33 (small specimens of nigropilosa) then hind tibia with appressed pilosity: 500
450b. Propodeal spines shorter (SPI less than 32), if in the range 29-33 (large specimens of limata) then hind tibiae with erect pilosity; propodeal spines usually directed posteriorly: 550
500a. Spines relatively thin; promesonotum relatively lower; hind tibia with abundant erect setae; setae on face light yellow: longispina
500b. Spines with swollen bases; promesonotum relatively more robust, elevated; hind tibia with appressed pilosity; setae on face dark amber: nigropilosa
550a. Setae on mesosomal dorsum dark amber; mesosoma highly polished, with sculpture confined to lateral carinae of mesonotum; carinae on dorsal and posterior faces of mesonotum meet at strongly angular to tuberculate juncture; tibiae with a combination of appressed short pilosity and scattered long erect setae: sotobosque
550b. Setae on mesosomal dorsum light amber to whitish; mesosoma less highly polished, with varying degrees of carinulae and rugulae on pronotum and katepisternum; carinae on dorsal and posterior face of mesonotum may meet at angle, but not produced as a tubercle; tibial pilosity variable, but usually comprised of abundant long erect setae: 600
600a. Hind tibia with abundant medium-length subdecumbent setae, no long erect setae; petiole with angular anteroventral tooth; postpetiole with no ventral tooth: foliocrypta
600b. Hind tibia with abundant long erect setae; ventral margins of petiole and postpetiole variable: 650
650a. Postpetiole with acute anteroventral tooth: 700
650b. Postpetiole lacking anteroventral tooth: 710
700a. Petiole relatively triangular in lateral view (PTHI greater than 60), usually lacking anteroventral tooth; posterodorsal tubercles distinctly higher than posterodorsal margin of tergite: tenuicula
700b. Petiole relatively elongate (PTHI less than 60 in Central America, variable and often higher in South America), with angular to acute anteroventral tooth; posterodorsal border of petiole low, posterodorsal tubercles little higher than posterodorsal margin of tergite: brasiliensis
710a. Petiole with angular anteroventral tooth; propodeal spines short (SPI less than 21): carinata
710b. Petiole usually lacking anteroventral tooth; propodeal spines long (SPI greater than 25): limata
750a. Face largely punctate or otherwise heavily sculptured, with smooth and shiny portion restricted to a median strip: 760
750b. Face largely smooth and shining, with at most small areas of punctation between eye and antennal insertion: 800
760a. Tibiae with abundant erect setae; size relatively large (WL greater than 0.7): 770
760b. Tibial pilosity fully appressed, not erect; size relatively smaller (WL less than 7.3): 790
770a. Dorsal setae on mesosoma and fourth abdominal tergite dark amber; propodeum somewhat inflated; propodeal spines very thin and needle-like: arcuata
770b. Dorsal setae whitish; propodeum less inflated; propodeal spines more broadly tapering to base: 780
780a. Propodeal spines relatively thinner and less diverging, more posteriorly directed in dorsal view; dorsal and posterior faces of propodeum not well differentiated, more or less in same plane; anteroventral margin of petiole with a low, rounded tumosity but lacking distinct angle or tooth; anteroventral margin of postpetiole with bluntly rounded projection, lacking sharp tooth: evallans
780b. Propodeal spines stout and diverging; dorsal and posterior faces of propodeum differentiated, not in same plane; anteroventral margin of petiole developed as distinct right to acute angle; anteroventral margin of postpetiole with sharp, acute tooth: acuta
790a. Propodeum somewhat inflated, with propodeal spines reduced to small denticles; anteroventral petiolar tooth lacking: montezumia
790b. Propodeum not inflated; propodeal spines well-developed; anteroventral petiolar tooth well-developed: obscurata
800a. Color uniformly yellow or orange: 810
800b. Color amber to dark brown or black, or bicolored with dark head and gaster, lighter mesosoma: 860
810a. Mid and hind tibiae with one or more very long erect setae, much longer than maximum tibia width: 820
810b. Mid and hind tibiae with appressed to suberect setae, none longer than maximum width of tibia: 830
820a. Propodeal spines upturned; erect setae on pronotal humeri and posterolateral mesonotum very long, subequal in length, longer than setae on anterolateral mesonotum: sumichrasti
820b. Propodeal spines directed posteriorly; erect setae on pronotal humeri and anterolateral mesonotum the longest, longer than setae on posterolateral mesonotum: flavosensitiva
830a. Eyes very small (OI less than 23); erect setae on face and mesosomal dorsum relatively short, somewhat stiffened, forming a stubble; propodeal spines short, upturned: flavomicrops
830b. Eyes larger (OI greater than 24), erect setae on face and mesosoma longer and thinner; propodeal spines variable: 840
840a. Pair of setae on posterolateral mesonotum subequal in length to humeral setae; propodeal spines relatively long, upturned: monteverdensis
840b. Propodeal spines of variable length, upturned or directed posteriorly; humeral setae much longer than any setae on mesonotum: 850
850a. Propodeal spines short (SPI 15-18); mesosoma relatively compact in lateral profile: minutissima
850b. Propodeal spines long (SPI 18-21); mesosoma more elongate in lateral profile: wardi
860a. Tibiae with setae fully appressed: 870
860b. Tibiae with abundant erect setae: 890
870a. Postpetiole much wider than long (PPI greater than 138); setae on face short, flattened, curved or slanted toward median axis; anteroventral margin of petiole lacking angle or tooth; ventral margin of postpetiole with rounded lobe, without acute tooth: abstinens
870b. Postpetiole more globular (PPI less than 132); setae on face of variable length and stiffness, but not strongly curved or slanting toward median axis; anteroventral margin of petiole with subacute tooth or at least blunt lobe; ventral margin of postpetiole with obtuse to acute tooth: 880
880a. Propodeal spines in dorsal view with bases thickened, directed outward, tips short, abruptly narrowed and directed posteriorly: curvispinosa
880b. Propodeal spines smaller, regularly tapering from base to tip: bryophilia
890a. Propodeal spines forming angular tumosities, not spiniform, or with at most a minute spiniform denticle: raptor
890b. Propodeal spines distinctly spiniform: 900
900a. Anteroventral margin of petiole with small rounded tooth at most; ventral margin of postpetiole with acute to right angled tooth; propodeal spines relatively long and upturned (SPI 19-23); postpetiole gradually constricted toward helcium; mesosoma often light brown, contrasting with dark brown head and gaster: snellingi
900b. Anteroventral margin of petiole with well-developed acute tooth; ventral margin of postpetiole flat, completely lacking tooth; propodeal spines relatively short and posteriorly directed (SPI 13-18); postpetiolar node abruptly constricted, with clearly defined juncture with cylindrical stem of helcium; head, mesosoma, and gaster uniformly dark brown: jardinero
Page author:
John T. Longino, The Evergreen State College, Olympia WA 98505 USA.longinoj@evergreen.edu
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