Dacetini, Myrmicinae, Formicidae, Hymenoptera, Insecta, Arthropoda, Animalia
John T. Longino, The Evergreen State College, Olympia WA 98505 USA. longinoj@evergreen.edu
21 August 1997
|
|
Identification
Apical fork of mandible with a single intercalary tooth; mandible with two conspicuous preapical teeth; mandible extremely long, longer than head; gaster smooth and shiny; specialised humeral hair stiff and freely projecting, approx. straight or nearly so, simple or slightly expanded apically (lacking in deletrix); dorsolateral margin of the head close to the apex of the scrobe with stiff projecting hair present (lacking in deletrix).
Head length 0.73-0.82mm, mandible length 0.83-0.92, CI 76-80, MI 109-123 (n=40 workers from 8 localities; Brown 1962).
Similar species: deletrix
Range
Mexico, Belize, Honduras, Costa Rica, Panama, Venezuela, Colombia, Trinidad, Brazil, Surinam, Paraguay. Costa Rica: both slopes to 500m.
Natural History
Brown and Wilson (1959) summarize the genus as follows:
"Widespread in tropics and warm temperate areas. Primarily forest-dwelling; some species occur in grassland and arid scrub. ... Nests mostly in soil and rotting wood; a few species live in arboreal plant cavities in tropical rain forest. Foraging hypogaeic to epigaeic-arboreal. Food: most species are collembolan feeders; a few are polyphagous predators or occasionally feed on sugary substances..."
Brown (1958) states that the extremely long mandibles of cordovensis are possibly used
"to lift the prey, presumed to be mainly or entirely furculate collembolans as in other species of the genus, clear of the ground after the mandibular strike is made, in this way preventing the springtails from kicking with the furcula against the ground and upsetting the ant. Such disproportionately large mandibles must be employed almost entirely in the open, because confined spaces would surely hinder their action."
In Costa Rica this species occurs in dry and wet forest habitats. It inhabits forest floor leaf litter.
Selected Records
Winkler samples from Turrialba, La Pacifica, Carara.
Literature Cited
Brown, W. L., Jr. 1958. The neotropical species of the ant genus Strumigenys Fr. Smith: Group of cordovensis Mayr. Studia Entomologica 1:217-224.
Brown, W. L., Jr. 1962. The neotropical species of the ant genus Strumigenys Fr. Smith: Synopsis and keys to the species. Psyche 69:238-267.
Brown, W. L., Jr., Wilson, E. O. 1959. The evolution of the dacetine ants. Quarterly Review of Biology 34:278-294.
Go back to top